VIDEONICS

VIDEONICS

Everything between the lens and the screen.

The Moving Image Manual

An interactive manual for people who work with the moving image: shooting, lighting, camera movement, editing, colour, sound, codecs, AI and projection. Instead of descriptions — tools you can try for yourself.

PROGRAM Try it: the same motion at two frame rates

Open the full tool
CAM A 00:00:00:00
Monitor A: frame rate
CAM B 00:00:00:00
Monitor B: frame rate
Playback speed

Measuring your display’s refresh rate…

Seven tools

Each one runs in your browser, works with the keyboard and sends nothing anywhere.

  1. Frame rate explorer The same motion sampled at 24, 25, 30, 50, 60 and 120 frames per second, side by side. 24–120 fps · Shooting
  2. Shutter angle explorer A rotary disc from 45° to 360°: exposure time per frame and the motion blur it produces. 45°–360° · Shooting
  3. Aspect ratio explorer One scene in 1:1, 4:3, 16:9, 1.85:1, 2:1 and 2.39:1 — and what happens on different screens. 1:1–2.39:1 · Framing
  4. Camera movement atlas Nine moves shown as a top or side diagram alongside the view the camera sees. pan · tilt · dolly · crane · Movement
  5. Shot size atlas From extreme close-up (ECU) to extreme wide shot (EWS) on a single figure, with the abbreviations used on shot lists. ECU–EWS · Framing
  6. Codec explorer H.264, H.265, ProRes, DNxHR and AV1: compression type, bit depth, licensing, support. H.264 · H.265 · ProRes · DNxHR · AV1 · Delivery
  7. Video storage calculator Resolution, codec, bitrate, fps and duration → GB, TB and usage per minute and per hour. GB · TB · GiB · Delivery

From lens to screen

Ten sections in the order in which a picture comes into being. Each is a reference in its own right: tables, terms, tools, articles and a list of what we are working on.

V1On set
V2Post-production
A1Sound
OUTOutput

SOURCE Shot sizes: from extreme close-up to extreme wide shot

Open the atlas
Illustration of the shot size
Shot size

Articles

Longer pieces with diagrams, tables, practical settings and sources. Listed like an edit decision list (EDL) — by section timecode.

  1. 001 01:00:12:07 Shooting Shutter speed and the 180° rule 9 min
  2. 002 01:00:31:12 Shooting Frame rates, regions and why 29.97 10 min
  3. 003 01:00:48:03 Shooting Exposure for video — aperture, shutter, ISO and native ISO 9 min
  4. 004 06:00:07:18 Colour Log recording and LUTs — what happens to the picture 10 min
  5. 005 06:00:22:04 Colour Rec.709 and HDR — the basics for creators 9 min
  6. 006 07:00:15:20 Sound Loudness for broadcast and streaming — LUFS, true peak, targets 10 min
  7. 007 08:00:04:16 Delivery Codecs, containers and bitrate — how it all fits together 11 min
  8. 008 09:00:03:00 AI AI in video — categories of tools, workflow and responsibility 10 min
  9. 009 10:00:02:11 Projection & AV Projectors — lumens, throw ratio, resolution and contrast 11 min
  10. 010 10:00:18:09 Projection & AV HDMI 1.4 to 2.2 — what each version carries and which cable you need 9 min

All articles · Glossary · RSS

How the manual is made

  • Numbers from sources. Data rates from the Apple and Avid tables, loudness from EBU and ATSC, HDMI from HDMI LA, projectors from ISO/IEC 21118. Every page lists them.
  • Date checked. Every article shows the date on which we last verified its facts. Last check of the site: .
  • No ads, cookies or tracking. The site loads nothing from other servers.
  • The pictures are code. Diagrams and illustrations are drawn in SVG and canvas — to teach, not to decorate.

Editorial policy · Sources and methodology